Manage tenant states & temperature

Storage resources are grouped into tiers. Each tier has different performance characteristics and costs:

Tier	Location	Speed	Cost
Hot	RAM	Fastest access	Most expensive
Warm	Disk	Medium speed	Medium price
Cold	Cloud Storage	Slowest access	Least expensive

The pricing difference between Hot and Cold tiers is significant. Cloud storage is several orders of magnitude cheaper than RAM.

In multi-tenant collections, you can change tenant states (Active, Inactive, Offloaded) to move data between storage tiers. This allows granular trade-offs between cost, resource availability, and readiness.

Manage vector index resource temperature

The vector index type affects its default resource type.

• HNSW index (default) - uses the vector index in RAM, a Hot resource.
• Flat index - uses the vector index on disk, a Warm resource.
• Dynamic index - starts as a flat index (using a Warm resource), then switches to an HNSW index (a Hot resource) at a predetermined threshold.

Tenant States Overview

There are three tenant states: Active, Inactive and Offloaded.

Tenant state	CRUD & Queries	Vector Index	Inverted Index	Object Data	Time to Activate	Description
Active (default)	Yes	Hot/Warm	Warm	Warm	None	Tenant is available for use
Inactive	No	Warm	Warm	Warm	Fast	Tenant is locally stored but not available for use
Offloaded	No	Cold	Cold	Cold	Slow	Tenant is stored in cloud storage and not available for use

Tenant state and consistency

Tenant states are eventually consistent. Read more

Active

An Active tenant is available for queries and CRUD operations. Depending on the vector index type it uses either hot or warm resources.

The tenant's object data and inverted index are stored on disk, using warm resources.

Inactive

An Inactive tenant is not available for queries nor CRUD operations.

The tenant's object data, vector index and inverted index are stored on disk, using warm resources. This can lower Weaviate's memory requirements compared to active tenants that use hot resources.

Since the tenant is stored locally, inactive tenants can be activated quickly.

Offloaded

Offloading: AWS S3 only

As of Weaviate v1.26.0, tenants can only be offloaded to cold storage in AWS S3. Additional storage options may be added in future releases.

To offload a tenant, use the offload-s3 module.

An offloaded tenant is not available for queries or CRUD operations.

The tenant's object data, vector index and inverted index are stored on the cloud, using cold resources. Since the tenant is stored remotely, there is a delay when activating an offloaded tenant.

Activate tenant

To activate an INACTIVE tenant from disk, or to onload and activate an OFFLOADED tenant from cloud, call:

PythonJavaScript/TypeScriptJavaC#

  API docs

More infoCode snippets in the documentation reflect the latest client library and Weaviate Database version. Check the Release notes for specific versions.

If a snippet doesn't work or you have feedback, please open a GitHub issue.

from weaviate.classes.tenants import Tenant, TenantActivityStatus

multi_collection = client.collections.use("MultiTenancyCollection")
multi_collection.tenants.update(tenants=[
    Tenant(
        name="tenantA",
        activity_status=TenantActivityStatus.ACTIVE
    )
])

  const multiCollection = client.collections.use(collectionName)

  await multiCollection.tenants.update({
    name: 'tenantA',
    activityStatus: 'ACTIVE'
  })

String tenantName = "tenantA";
CollectionHandle<Map<String, Object>> collection =
    client.collections.use(collectionName);
collection.tenants.activate(tenantName);

string[] tenantName = ["tenantA"];
await collection.Tenants.Activate(tenantName);

Deactivate tenant

To deactivate an ACTIVE tenant, or to onload an OFFLOADED tenant from cloud (without activating it), call:

PythonJavaScript/TypeScriptJavaC#

  API docs

More infoCode snippets in the documentation reflect the latest client library and Weaviate Database version. Check the Release notes for specific versions.

If a snippet doesn't work or you have feedback, please open a GitHub issue.

from weaviate.classes.tenants import Tenant, TenantActivityStatus

multi_collection = client.collections.use("MultiTenancyCollection")
multi_collection.tenants.update(tenants=[
    Tenant(
        name="tenantA",
        activity_status=TenantActivityStatus.INACTIVE
    )
])

  const multiCollection = client.collections.use(collectionName)

  await multiCollection.tenants.update({
    name: 'tenantA',
    activityStatus: 'INACTIVE'
  })

String tenantName = "tenantA";
CollectionHandle<Map<String, Object>> collection =
    client.collections.use(collectionName);
collection.tenants.deactivate(tenantName);

string[] tenantName = ["tenantA"];
await collection.Tenants.Deactivate(tenantName);

Offload tenant

To offload an ACTIVE or INACTIVE tenant to cloud, call:

PythonJavaScript/TypeScriptJavaC#

  API docs

More infoCode snippets in the documentation reflect the latest client library and Weaviate Database version. Check the Release notes for specific versions.

If a snippet doesn't work or you have feedback, please open a GitHub issue.

from weaviate.classes.tenants import Tenant, TenantActivityStatus

multi_collection = client.collections.use("MultiTenancyCollection")
multi_collection.tenants.update(tenants=[
    Tenant(
        name="tenantA",
        activity_status=TenantActivityStatus.OFFLOADED
    )
])

  const multiCollection = client.collections.use(collectionName)

  await multiCollection.tenants.update({
    name: 'tenantA',
    activityStatus: 'OFFLOADED'
  })

String tenantName = "tenantA";
CollectionHandle<Map<String, Object>> collection =
    client.collections.use(collectionName);
collection.tenants.offload(tenantName);

await collection.Tenants.Offload(new[] { "tenantA" });

Requires Offload Module

Tenant offloading requires an Offload module.

To enable tenant offloading, see the modules page

Automatically activate tenants

Enable this to automatically activate INACTIVE or OFFLOADED tenants if a search, read, update, or delete operation is performed on them.

Activation is the only automatic state change. Weaviate never deactivates or offloads a tenant on its own: there is no idle timeout, no usage-based policy, and no background process that moves a tenant to INACTIVE or OFFLOADED. A tenant stays ACTIVE, and keeps using its resources, until you change its state.

To reclaim resources on a schedule, run your own job. A common pattern is a daily job that lists the collection's tenants, selects the ones your application has not used within your chosen window, and then calls Deactivate tenant or Offload tenant for them in one batched update. Track last use in your own application, and pair the job with autoTenantActivation so that a tenant that becomes active again is brought back on the next request.

PythonJavaScript/TypeScriptJavaC#

  API docs

More infoCode snippets in the documentation reflect the latest client library and Weaviate Database version. Check the Release notes for specific versions.

If a snippet doesn't work or you have feedback, please open a GitHub issue.

from weaviate.classes.config import Configure

multi_collection = client.collections.create(
    name="CollectionWithAutoTenantActivation",
    multi_tenancy_config=Configure.multi_tenancy(
        enabled=True,
        auto_tenant_activation=True  # Enable automatic tenant activation
    )
)

  const result = await client.collections.create({
    name: 'CollectionWithAutoTenantActivation',
    multiTenancy: weaviate.configure.multiTenancy({
      enabled: true,
      autoTenantActivation: true
    })
  })

client.collections.create("MultiTenancyCollection",
    col -> col.multiTenancy(mt -> mt.autoTenantActivation(true)));

await client.Collections.Create(
    new CollectionCreateParams
    {
        Name = "MultiTenancyCollection",
        MultiTenancyConfig = new MultiTenancyConfig
        {
            Enabled = true,
            AutoTenantActivation = true,
        },
    }
);

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